Central Bank Interest Rates, 2000 to 2026
BIS data shows the US policy rate at 3.88% in September 2026, Japan's at 1.25% after years below zero, and Türkiye's at 37.00%.
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What the data shows
- In 2026, Türkiye ranks #1 with 37.00%, ahead of Russia (14.00%) and Brazil (13.75%).
- Back in 2000, Russia was #1 with 25.00%.
- The top spot changed hands 11 times, first to Türkiye in 2002, most recently to Türkiye in 2023.
- Türkiye wasn't on the board in 2000 but is in the top 5 by 2026.
About this chart
Central bank policy rates sit far apart in September 2026: Türkiye at 37.00%, Russia at 14.00%, Brazil at 13.75%, the United States at 3.88% and Japan at 1.25%. Each value is the bank's headline policy rate in December of the year, with the last column showing September 2026, the latest month in the Bank for International Settlements data. Euro area figures run from 1999, and China's series switches instruments over time.
Japan's rate was -0.10% at the end of 2023 and has since risen to 1.25%. The euro area went from 0.00% at the end of 2021 to 4.50% at the end of 2023. The US rate was near zero (0.12%) at the end of 2008 and 4.38% at the end of 2024. Türkiye reached 42.50% in December 2023 and 47.50% in December 2024, and Russia's key rate went from 8.50% at end-2021 to 21.00% at end-2024.
The data
Source: Bank for International Settlements (BIS), Central bank policy rates (WS_CBPOL), monthly end-of-period series. Retrieved November 4, 2026. Values are each central bank's headline policy rate in December of the year (end of period); the last column, 2026, is September 2026, the latest month available. Euro area series starts 1999. China's series switches policy instruments over time per BIS; Türkiye's one-week repo and Russia's key rate are the official policy rates. Negative rates (e.g. Japan 2016-2023 and the euro area 2015-2022) are shown as negative values.
| Date | 🇺🇸 United States | 🇪🇺 Euro area | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | 🇯🇵 Japan | 🇨🇳 China | 🇮🇳 India | 🇧🇷 Brazil | 🇷🇺 Russia | 🇹🇷 Türkiye | 🇲🇽 Mexico | 🇨🇦 Canada | 🇦🇺 Australia |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 6.50% | 4.75% | 6.00% | 0.25% | 5.85% | 8.00% | 15.75% | 25.00% | 18.79% | 5.75% | 6.25% | |
| 2001 | 1.75% | 3.25% | 4.00% | 0.25% | 5.85% | 8.50% | 19.00% | 25.00% | 8.04% | 2.25% | 4.25% | |
| 2002 | 1.25% | 2.75% | 4.00% | 0.25% | 5.31% | 7.50% | 25.00% | 21.00% | 44.00% | 8.25% | 2.75% | 4.75% |
| 2003 | 1.00% | 2.00% | 3.75% | 0.25% | 5.31% | 7.00% | 16.50% | 16.00% | 26.00% | 6.12% | 2.75% | 5.25% |
| 2004 | 2.25% | 2.00% | 4.75% | 0.25% | 5.58% | 6.00% | 17.75% | 13.00% | 18.00% | 8.75% | 2.50% | 5.25% |
| 2005 | 4.25% | 2.25% | 4.50% | 0.25% | 5.58% | 6.25% | 18.00% | 12.00% | 13.50% | 8.27% | 3.25% | 5.50% |
| 2006 | 5.25% | 3.50% | 5.00% | 0.25% | 6.12% | 7.25% | 13.25% | 11.00% | 17.50% | 7.02% | 4.25% | 6.25% |
| 2007 | 4.25% | 4.00% | 5.50% | 0.50% | 7.47% | 7.75% | 11.25% | 10.00% | 15.75% | 7.57% | 4.25% | 6.75% |
| 2008 | 0.12% | 2.50% | 2.00% | 0.10% | 5.31% | 6.50% | 13.75% | 13.00% | 15.00% | 8.25% | 1.50% | 4.25% |
| 2009 | 0.12% | 1.00% | 0.50% | 0.10% | 5.31% | 4.75% | 8.75% | 8.75% | 6.50% | 4.50% | 0.25% | 3.75% |
| 2010 | 0.12% | 1.00% | 0.50% | 0.05% | 5.81% | 6.25% | 10.75% | 7.75% | 6.50% | 4.50% | 1.00% | 4.75% |
| 2011 | 0.12% | 1.00% | 0.50% | 0.05% | 6.56% | 8.50% | 11.00% | 8.00% | 5.75% | 4.50% | 1.00% | 4.25% |
| 2012 | 0.12% | 0.75% | 0.50% | 0.05% | 6.00% | 8.00% | 7.25% | 8.25% | 5.50% | 4.50% | 1.00% | 3.00% |
| 2013 | 0.12% | 0.25% | 0.50% | 0.01% | 6.00% | 7.75% | 10.00% | 5.50% | 4.50% | 3.50% | 1.00% | 2.50% |
| 2014 | 0.12% | 0.05% | 0.50% | -0.03% | 5.60% | 8.00% | 11.75% | 17.00% | 8.25% | 3.00% | 1.00% | 2.50% |
| 2015 | 0.38% | 0.05% | 0.50% | -0.06% | 4.35% | 6.75% | 14.25% | 11.00% | 7.50% | 3.25% | 0.50% | 2.00% |
| 2016 | 0.62% | 0.00% | 0.25% | -0.10% | 4.35% | 6.25% | 13.75% | 10.00% | 8.00% | 5.75% | 0.50% | 1.50% |
| 2017 | 1.38% | 0.00% | 0.50% | -0.10% | 4.35% | 6.00% | 7.00% | 7.75% | 8.00% | 7.25% | 1.00% | 1.50% |
| 2018 | 2.38% | 0.00% | 0.75% | -0.10% | 4.35% | 6.50% | 6.50% | 7.75% | 24.00% | 8.25% | 1.75% | 1.50% |
| 2019 | 1.62% | 0.00% | 0.75% | -0.10% | 4.15% | 5.15% | 4.50% | 6.25% | 12.00% | 7.25% | 1.75% | 0.75% |
| 2020 | 0.12% | 0.00% | 0.10% | -0.10% | 3.85% | 4.00% | 2.00% | 4.25% | 17.00% | 4.25% | 0.25% | 0.10% |
| 2021 | 0.12% | 0.00% | 0.25% | -0.10% | 3.80% | 4.00% | 9.25% | 8.50% | 14.00% | 5.50% | 0.25% | 0.10% |
| 2022 | 4.38% | 2.50% | 3.50% | -0.10% | 3.65% | 6.25% | 13.75% | 7.50% | 9.00% | 10.50% | 4.25% | 3.10% |
| 2023 | 5.38% | 4.50% | 5.25% | -0.10% | 3.45% | 6.50% | 11.75% | 16.00% | 42.50% | 11.25% | 5.00% | 4.35% |
| 2024 | 4.38% | 3.00% | 4.75% | 0.25% | 3.10% | 6.50% | 12.25% | 21.00% | 47.50% | 10.00% | 3.25% | 4.35% |
| 2025 | 3.62% | 2.00% | 3.75% | 0.75% | 3.00% | 5.25% | 15.00% | 16.00% | 38.00% | 7.00% | 2.25% | 3.60% |
| 2026 | 3.88% | 2.50% | 3.75% | 1.25% | 3.00% | 5.25% | 13.75% | 14.00% | 37.00% | 6.50% | 2.25% | 4.60% |
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Frequently asked questions
What is the US interest rate?
BIS data puts the US central bank policy rate at 3.88% in September 2026, down from 4.38% at the end of 2024 and 5.38% at the end of 2023. These are end-of-period readings for the month shown.
Which country has the highest interest rate?
Among the 12 economies shown, Türkiye, with a policy rate of 37.00% in September 2026, down from 47.50% at the end of 2024. Russia was next at 14.00% and Brazil at 13.75%.
Where does this data come from?
Bank for International Settlements (BIS), Central bank policy rates (WS_CBPOL), monthly end-of-period series. Retrieved November 4, 2026. Values are each central bank's headline policy rate in December of the year (end of period); the last column, 2026, is September 2026, the latest month available. Euro area series starts 1999. China's series switches policy instruments over time per BIS; Türkiye's one-week repo and Russia's key rate are the official policy rates. Negative rates (e.g. Japan 2016-2023 and the euro area 2015-2022) are shown as negative values. You can download the full table as a CSV from this page.
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