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The most popular programming languages over time

JavaScript, Python, SQL, TypeScript and more: the Stack Overflow Developer Survey since 2013.

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What the data shows

  • In 2025, JavaScript ranks #1 with 66.0%, ahead of HTML/CSS (61.9%) and SQL (58.6%).
  • Back in 2013, SQL was #1 with 59.6%.
  • The top spot changed hands once: JavaScript in 2014.
  • Biggest climber: Python, from #7 in 2013 to #4 in 2025.
  • HTML/CSS and Bash/Shell weren't on the board in 2013 but are in the top 5 by 2025.

About this chart

Every year Stack Overflow asks developers which languages they used. JavaScript has topped the list almost every year since 2014, while Python's steady climb and TypeScript's rise are the big trends.

Shares are the percentage of all survey respondents who reported using each language that year. The question's wording changed over time, so treat small year-to-year moves with care.

The data

Source: Stack Overflow Developer Survey, share of all respondents using each language, by survey year. Retrieved November 4, 2026. The survey's wording changed over the years, and HTML/CSS, Bash, Rust, TypeScript and Go weren't listed in early years.

Most popular programming languages, Share of developers using each language, %, 2013–2025
DateJavaScriptHTML/CSSSQLPythonTypeScriptJavaC#PHPC++Bash/ShellGoRust
201356.6%59.6%21.9%42.5%44.7%34.8%27.6%
201458.9%57.1%23.4%37.6%37.6%28.9%21.1%
201554.4%48.0%23.8%37.4%31.6%29.7%20.6%
201655.4%49.1%24.9%36.3%30.9%25.9%19.4%
201761.9%50.8%31.7%9.4%39.3%33.8%27.9%22.1%4.2%
201869.8%57.0%38.8%17.4%45.3%34.4%30.7%25.4%39.8%7.1%
201967.8%63.5%54.4%41.7%21.2%41.1%31.0%26.4%23.5%36.6%8.2%3.2%
202067.7%63.1%54.7%44.1%25.4%40.2%31.4%26.2%23.9%33.1%8.8%5.1%
202165.0%56.1%47.1%48.2%30.2%35.4%27.9%22.0%24.3%27.1%9.6%7.0%
202265.4%55.1%49.4%48.1%34.8%33.3%28.0%20.9%22.6%29.1%11.2%9.3%
202363.6%53.0%48.7%49.3%38.9%30.6%27.6%18.6%22.4%32.4%13.2%13.1%
202462.3%52.9%51.0%51.0%38.5%30.3%27.1%18.2%23.0%33.9%13.5%12.6%
202566.0%61.9%58.6%57.9%43.6%29.4%27.8%18.9%23.5%48.7%16.4%14.8%

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Frequently asked questions

What is the most popular programming language?

In 2025, JavaScript ranks #1 with 66.0%, followed by HTML/CSS (61.9%) and SQL (58.6%). Source: Stack Overflow Developer Survey, share of all respondents using each language, by survey year.

Where does this data come from?

Stack Overflow Developer Survey, share of all respondents using each language, by survey year. Retrieved November 4, 2026. The survey's wording changed over the years, and HTML/CSS, Bash, Rust, TypeScript and Go weren't listed in early years. You can download the full table as a CSV from this page.

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